2024. N 4
Economic Sociology
Social priorities of the national project "Infrastructure for life"
The article analyzes the financing of the housing and utilities system in the regions of the Northwestern Federal District. Interregional differences in the amount and dynamics of housing and utilities financing from the consolidated budget of the regions included in the Northwestern Federal District are revealed. The relationship between budget expenditures and paid services of the population for housing and utilities services is shown. The need to take into account interregional disproportions in housing and utilities financing when developing state budget policy and forming programs for the new national project «Infrastructure for Life» is substantiated.
Theoretical foundations for the analysis of structural transformations in the national economy of Uzbekistan
The article provides an in-depth analysis of structural changes in the country's economy. The authors consider structural changes as both a result of economic development and an important factor in sustainable economic growth. Based on the analysis of the experience of developed countries and Southeast Asian countries, the authors identify three models of structural reforms: import substitution, export-oriented, and innovation-driven models. They also emphasize the need to develop state regulation measures to attract private foreign and domestic investors and to select methods of state support within the constraints of limited financial resources.
The analysis of the experience of countries that have undergone periods of major structural transformation allows conclusions to be drawn about the structural changes facing the economy of Uzbekistan. In particular, industry remains the leading sector that drives the development of other sectors of the economy and requires a targeted state industrial policy.
Sociology of Management
Formation of corporate culture in the development strategy of enterprises and organizations
The analysis of structural features and characteristics of the corporate culture of modern enterprises and organizations in the context of social, economic and cultural transformations allows us to talk about the possibility of interpreting corporate culture as an ideology for achieving results in solving socially significant problems. Based on the theoretical and methodological study, the author proved the need for a new look at the formation of corporate culture in the form of creating unified platforms for corporate culture, due to the development of the "on-demand economy".
Talent management in the higher education system in the context of approaches to evaluating the productivity of scientific activity
The article examines modern approaches to talent management, with an emphasis on the productivity of scientific work as a key indicator of the effectiveness of teachers and scientists. Scientific productivity in the university environment is traditionally assessed on the basis of quantitative indicators. However, such approaches are often criticized for focusing solely on numerical metrics, which does not allow for full consideration of qualitative, innovative and personal-professional aspects of scientific research. The research suggests a methodology based on a hybrid approach to productivity assessment. Based on the analysis and the proposed methodology, the article develops recommendations for universities on the implementation of assessment systems focused on talent support. In conclusion, it is proved that the introduction of integrated talent management systems and scientific productivity not only contributes to the development of human capital of universities, but also strengthens their positions in the global scientific and educational space. Thus, the article contributes to the development of the theory and practice of talent management, offering a scientifically sound and practically applicable approach to assessing the productivity of scientific activity in the field of higher education.
Social and professional mapping of the interaction process between employee and enterprise
The article examines the problem of managing the employee's experience of interaction with the enterprise, which is becoming more relevant in the context of the emergence of the impression economy. Particular attention is paid to the use of the socio-professional mapping tool, including the stages of compiling a path map, analyzing positive and negative incidents, metrics, key errors in compiling.
The impact of AI on social-professional communication in medical institutions
The article presents an analysis of the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and tools on the activities of medical institutions and, in particular, on the social-professional communications of employees of medical institutions with consumers of medical services. The role and impact of the implementation of AI technologies on the activities of medical institutions and the provision of medical services to the population are noted. Examples of the implementation of artificial intelligence tools into the current activities of medical organizations are presented. The article also highlights the main factors that need to be taken into account when implementing AI in the context of transforming the social and professional communications of a medical institution.
Factors of the choice of the main time management methods by employees of modern enterprises
The article considered the factors that improve the skills of time management as a tool for improving business performance. Time management is designated as a relevant way to optimize time management, reduce overload and stress of employees, contribute to the increase of employee efficiency and their effectiveness, optimize the work of the organization, and help improve interactions in the team. The most popular methods of time management that contribute to the optimization and automation of work processes are described. Among such methods: schedule, to-do list, SMART method, tomato method, "eat the frog" method, Eisenhower matrix, "Elephant" method. These methods help employers to increase the speed and efficiency of employees, improve their quality of work, and in general will increase their competitiveness in the market as a reliable entrepreneur or organization.
Scientific and educational element of Azerbaijan's "soft power"
The relevance of the scientific article is due to the need to research and analyze the role of science and education in strengthening the "soft power" of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The key aspects of the scientific and educational element of the "soft power" of Azerbaijan are considered. Recommendations are offered to optimize the use of scientific and educational resources in the context of "soft power". It is determined that the targeted development of science, technology and education in Azerbaijan creates the necessary conditions for increasing its "soft power" and strengthening the country's global role in the long term.
Sociology of the digital environment
Digital Socialization of Middle-Aged Belarusians
The results of the 2024 sociological study of factors, specificity and social consequences of digitalization processes in the Republic of Belarus are considered in the article. The emphasis is on the peculiarities of applying digital technologies by the representatives of the middle generation as the grounds for their digital socialization. Its specificity is that the middle generation after 40 years master digital technologies more often out of necessity than at will. The main regularity is correlation between the age of respondents and their activity in the digital sphere: the younger is the representative of the middle generation, the more socialized he is in terms of subjective perception of digital technologies, their active mastering and conscious employment. Different levels of respondents’ digital literacy entail a demand for specific digital technologies, for their use determined by the realities of everyday life: online shopping, making an appointment with a specialist, taxi services etc. Identified are the risks and inhibitors of mastering digital technologies. Techno-phobias in everyday life are revealed as dominating among personal, technical and economic inhibitors. As various inhibitors cease to be insuperable obstacles, the reduction of their impact is defined as the potential for mastering digital technologies by the middle generation of the Belarusians.
Digital pedagogical tools in educational video blogging: cases, features and limitations of use
Digital technologies are increasingly penetrating the educational process. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of using digital pedagogical tools in educational video blogs. To identify the features of using digital educational technologies and tools by bloggers, multivariate statistical analysis methods and qualitative analysis of educational videos were used. A sample of 262 videos was analyzed according to socio-demographic criteria, the criterion for using digital tools.
Problems of forming a digital strategy for industrial enterprises
The accelerating digital transformation of industry places increasingly high demands on enterprises to develop and implement effective digital strategies. The research has identified key challenges that hinder the successful transition of industrial companies to new technological solutions. To overcome these challenges, the study offers comprehensive recommendations aimed at forming a clear digital strategy integrated with business strategy, developing digital competencies of personnel, implementing a risk management system, modernizing IT architecture based on the principles of information integration, and ensuring reliable protection against cyber threats. The implementation of these measures will allow industrial enterprises to successfully transform business models and strengthen their competitive position in the digital era.
School for young researchers
Formation of value-motivational meanings of working mothers' activities
In the system of Russian demographic policy in the context of tasks of increasing the birth rate and revival of traditional values, semantic contradictions are overlooked. Their essence is that women with children actually face numerous social risks: decrease in income, loss of professional competence, increase in the level of social anxiety, etc. The results of the study indicate the imperfection of the existing practice of social management, inattention of organizations and enterprises to the needs of this social group, unwillingness to perceive it as part of social resources, which leads to the unrealization of human potential. The article presents the results of the study of value-motivational meanings of working mothers with children under 18 (N 100): differences in the semantic structure of working mothers, as well as contradictions and imperfections of the social technologies used to manage the implementation and formation of meanings in activities.
Women’s situation in the labour market
Nowadays gender inequality towards women exists in many sectors of the Russian labor market. This article discusses the problems that women face when looking for a job or in the workplace and their causes. The study of this topic will help to learn about the current situation of women in the labor market in modern Russia and identify trends in women's opportunities in the labor sphere. The article makes recommendations and conclusions on this topic based on the research conducted.
Demographic strategies of Russia: The relationship between marriage and fertility
The article provides a sociological analysis of demographic trends in the Russian Federation, with an emphasis on the relationship between marriage and the birth rate. A survey among respondents of different age groups revealed that the main barriers to starting a family and parenthood are economic factors such as insufficient wages and poor housing conditions. Young people are increasingly postponing marriage, preferring to focus on a career, while reacting negatively to initiatives to stimulate fertility. The study highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to demographic problems, including not only economic measures, but also programs to support young families.
Codex corporate ethics at machine-building enterprises
The article considers corporate culture and business communication as the basis of the code of corporate ethics of Russian machine-building enterprises. The goals and objectives of the code of corporate ethics are highlighted, functions are described. The code of corporate culture and labor ethics of JSC "SHAAZ" is considered in detail. Business etiquette affects relations in the labor collective. The code of corporate ethics helps to solve disputable situations appearing between employees in the process of work at the plants.
The role of social networks in the formation of clip thinking
In modern society, there exists a dual perception of the phenomenon of clip thinking. On the one hand, individuals have experienced a decline in their ability to concentrate on monotonous and linear tasks, resulting in increased distractibility. On the other hand, this form of thinking meets the demands of the information society, matching with the current pace of life by fostering quicker reactions and decision-making. Nevertheless, the proliferation of clip thinking is significantly driven by social media platforms. In the vast majority of these platforms, there exists an "infinite" feed of short videos, leading many individuals to find it difficult to envision their lives without daily content consumption and struggling to abstain from it. The relevance of this study is underscored by the growing influence of social media on both individual lives and society as a whole, which directly impacts the analytical and cognitive abilities of individuals.
Social portrait of a migrant worker in the region: aspects of sociological research
The article presents a typical social portrait of migrant workers based on the results of the author's research, who carry out their professional activities in an "unattractive" region in terms of migration. It is important to note that, despite this conditional status, the Republic of Mordovia is a subject of attraction for migrants. As a result, it was revealed that young and middle-aged people arrive in the region for employment. The problems faced by migrants have a pronounced gender character. Therefore, programs aimed at the socialization of migrant workers should include measures for their successful social adaptation in new socio-cultural conditions, taking into account all gender and age characteristics.
Personnel safety of the state service
The article examines the main aspects of personnel security in the civil service, its main problems in the context of the demographic crisis in Russia. The publicly available statistical data, as well as expert assessments are presented and analyzed, from which conclusions are drawn about the modern challenges of public service in the field of personnel.
Применение big data в социологических исследованиях: новые возможности и перспективы
This article discusses the use of big data for conducting sociological research in connection with the development of information technology. The article provides a definition of the concept of "Big Data", describes the changes that have occurred in research in the field of social sciences, describes the advantages and disadvantages of using big data, and areas of its application.
Cognitive biases in the digital world: how youth perceives online reviews and makes purchasing decisions
The article examines the perception of online reviews by youth and their influence on purchasing behavior. Four cognitive biases are studied: the anchoring effect, the novelty effect, confirmation bias, and the social proof effect, which are particularly important for the youth segment. The study includes a survey of students, allowing for a comparison of which cognitive biases are more frequently encountered when evaluating products based on online reviews.
The impact of the social policy of a modern organization on the social well-being of employees
Using the example of a modern organization implementing economic activities in the retail sector, the article examines the impact of corporate social policy on the social well-being of employees, determines the impact of individual components of corporate social policy on the social well-being of employees belonging to different departments within the organization, according to the functional nature of their activities.
Current state of digital transformation of public administration of the region on the example of the Republic of Crimea
The article is devoted to the research of the peculiarities of the process of digital transformation of public administration of the region on the example of the Republic of Crimea. Within the framework of the scientific research the analysis of the implementation of strategic documents in the field of digitalisation and informatisation in the region is carried out. Special attention is paid to the consideration of key programmes and projects aimed at the development of information society and digitalisation of public administration. The main indicators of the Development Programme of the Republic of Crimea until 2036 in the direction of digital transformation of public administration are considered. Based on the results of the analysis, the problems are identified and directions for improving the process of digital transformation in the Republic of Crimea are proposed.
Антикризисное управление персоналом в условиях неопределенности: прогнозирование и адаптация
Article examines the key concepts of crisis management in conditions of uncertainty, focuses on predicting potential failures and developing strategies for personnel adaptation. Using the example of a crisis problem in an organization, it tells how you can prepare for crises, respond to them and recover from them by increasing resilience, developing flexible personnel policies and implementing active leadership strategies.
Use of artificial intelligence in education
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly changing the world, and education is no exception. The interaction of pedagogy and AI opens up new horizons for personalizing learning, improving the effectiveness of the educational process, including the process of self-determination of students, and solving existing problems in the field of education. This article analyzes the possible impact of AI on the educational process, namely in the context of pedagogy and teaching, highlights new opportunities, including the possibility of developing various competencies and assistance in self-determination, which may arise due to the introduction of AI in education, which concern both students and teachers, also analyzes challenges and other problematic issues. aspects that may arise when introducing new technologies. The concept of optimizing distance learning is proposed, focused on supporting the self-determination of young people and including the integration of professional orientation tools. The authors consider the trends of the conceptual aspect of pedagogical science, which reveals new concepts such as digital pedagogy and digital education related to the new technological order. It is concluded that when implementing artificial intelligence technology, a balanced approach should be taken to integrating AI into the educational process, where a balance between innovation and traditional teaching methods is maintained.