The article theoretically and empirically proves the objectivization of the processes of formation of various types of enterprises organizational culture: role-playing, domineering, active, individualistic, innovative and adaptive. The social indicators of the choice by the collective of enterprises of the type of organizational culture and its influence on the professional and social activities of various professional, qualification and status groups of workers are determined. It is proved that self-determination of employees in choosing and adherence to the type of organizational culture contributes to the concretization of labor achievements in solving socially significant tasks.